ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY OF THE HEXANIC EXTRACT OF Psidium guineense (Myrtaceae) AGAINST Candida glabrata and Candida parapsilosis.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61164/rmnm.v13i1.1768Keywords:
Pharmacology; Phytotherapy; Dentistry.Abstract
Candidiasis is an opportunistic fungal infection caused by microorganisms of the genus Candida, the most common in the oral cavity. Candida fungi are present in the healthy oral microbiota, but conditions can make them pathogenic. Various antifungal drugs have been used to treat candidiasis, such as azole antifungals (ketoconazole, fluconazole) and polyene antifungals (nystatin, amphotericin B). However, several challenges have been observed with regard to the efficacy of drug treatment, such as resistance of fungal strains to antimycotics, patient compliance and adverse effects of synthetic drugs. Thus, the use of medicinal plants is a viable and promising alternative for the discovery of new phytopharmaceutical agents with great biological potential. Based on studies in the literature showing the physicochemical and ethnopharmacological characteristics of medicinal plant species, the aim of this research is to evaluate the antifungal activity of the hexanic extract of Psidium guineense (Myrtaceae). The study was carried out through in vitro tests in which the hexanic extract of Psidium guineense was used as a test substance against the fungal species Candida glabrata and Candida parapsilosis, which had been previously identified and maintained in Sabouraud dextrose agar (SDA) and Sabouraud dextrose broth (SSB) culture media. In addition, nystatin was used as the standard antifungal agent for the positive control. The broth microdilution technique was then used to determine the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) of the hexanic extract of Psidium guineense. The MIC was read after 48 hours. As a result of this study, it was possible to identify that for both strains of the Candida genus, the hexanic extract of Psidium guineense showed a MIC value of more than 1024 µg/mL-1. This means that the test substance in question is ineffective against the strains of fungi tested using the methodology used, but further studies are needed to verify its antifungal potential against other strains of fungi.
References
BORGES, C. A. et al. Diagnóstico e formas de tratamento da candidíase oral: uma revisão de literatura. Research, Society and Development, Minas Gerais, v. 10, n. 15, p. 1-9, nov./2021. DOI: https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i15.23123
BRANDÃO, H. N. et al. Fitoterapia no tratamento da candidíase oral: Um protocolo de revisão de escopo. Research, Society and Development, Paraíba, v. 10, n. 7, p. 1-7, jun./2021. DOI: https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i7.16653
CLEELAND, R.; SQUIRES, E. Evalution of new antimicrobials in vitro and in experimental animal infections. In: Lorian, V. M. D. Antibiotics in Laboratory Medicine. New York: Willians & Wilkins, p. 739-788, 1991.
FERNANDES, T.G. et al In vitro synergistic effect of Psidium guineense (swartz) in combinatiomn with antimicrobial agents against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains. Sci. World J 2021.
HADACEK F, GREGER H. Testing of antifungal natural products: methodologies, comparatibility of results and assay choice. Phytochemical Analyses, v.11, p. 137-147, jun. 2000 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-1565(200005/06)11:3<137::AID-PCA514>3.0.CO;2-I
MACEDO, J. G. F. et al. Therapeutic indications, chemical composition and biological activity of native Brazilian species from Psidium genus (Myrtaceae): A review. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, v. 278, p. 114-248, 2021. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2021.114248
NASCIMENTO, K. F. D. et al. Antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiproliferative and antimycobacterial activities of the essential oil of Psidium guineense Sw. and spathulenol. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, São Paulo, v. 210, n. 2, p. 351-358, ago./2017. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2017.08.030
NUNES, M. A. F. Análise da sensibilidade para diagnóstico molecular de candidíase. 2017.
PERETI, J. M.; MAZA, L. Ocorrência de candidíase oral em pacientes submetidos a tratamentos antineoplásicos. Journal of the Health Sciences Institute, São Paulo, v. 39, n. 3, p. 195-198, ago./2021.
ROCHA, W. R. V. D. et al. Gênero Candida: Fatores de virulência, Epidemiologia, Candidíase e Mecanismos de resistência. Research, Society and Development, São Paulo, v. 10, n. 4, p. 1-14, abr./2021. Disponível em: https://rsdjournal.org/index.php/rsd/article/view/14283/12866. Acesso em: 8 mai. 2022. DOI: https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i4.14283
SARTORATTO A, MACHADO AL, DELARMELINA C, FIGUEIRA GM, DUARTE MC, REHDER VL. Composição e atividade antimicrobiana de óleos essenciais de plantas aromáticas utilizadas no Brasil. Braz. J. Microbiol. Dez. 2004; 35: p. 275-280 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1590/S1517-83822004000300001
UGUÑA, K. B. C.; LEÓN, P. P.; CHACHA, A. F. Efecto antifúngico de diferentes concentraciones del extracto de Uncaria Tomentosa sobre Candida albicans: Estudio in vitro. Revista Odontología, v. 19, n. 2, p. 30-39, 2017.
VILA, T. et al. Oral candidiasis: A disease of opportunity. Journal of Fungi, 6, n. 1, p. 15, 2020. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/jof6010015
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Revista Multidisciplinar do Nordeste Mineiro
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
