HIPOALGESIA INDUCIDA POR EL EJERCICIO EN LA OSTEOARTRITIS DE RODILLA: UNA REVISIÓN NARRATIVA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61164/rmnm.v10i1.4041Palabras clave:
Osteoartritis de la Rodilla, Exercice physique, Dolor CrónicoResumen
La osteoartritis de rodilla es una enfermedad articular inflamatoria degenerativa que conduce a un daño progresivo del cartílago, generando dolor, discapacidad funcional y un aumento previsto debido al envejecimiento poblacional. El ejercicio físico se considera un aliado importante para las personas con esta condición clínica, ayudando a controlar el dolor y mejorar la función física. En individuos sanos, una sola sesión de ejercicio es capaz de promover la hipoalgesia inducida por el ejercicio (EHI), a través de la cual aumenta el umbral del dolor, reduciendo la sensibilidad al dolor durante el ejercicio y durante algún tiempo después. Sin embargo, en poblaciones con dolor crónico, como la osteoartritis de rodilla, este mecanismo se ve comprometido y puede no mostrar cambios o incluso intensificarse después del ejercicio, lo que dificulta el tratamiento para esta población y contribuye a un ciclo de inactividad física que resultará en el empeoramiento de la enfermedad. Por lo tanto, es esencial comprender cómo funciona la HIE y por qué puede verse afectada en personas con osteoartritis de rodilla. En este artículo, mostramos una visión general del estado clínico de la osteoartritis de rodilla, brindando una mejor orientación a la población y a los profesionales de la salud en el manejo del dolor.
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