USO DE DULOXETINA COMPARADO CON PREGABALINA EN EL TRATAMIENTO DEL DOLOR NEUROPÁTICO
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61164/rmnm.v12i2.3166Palabras clave:
Antidepresivos, Anticonvulsivo, NeuralgiaResumen
Introducción: El dolor neuropático es una condición clínica desafiante que perjudica significativamente la calidad de vida de los pacientes debido a una variedad de causas, incluidas lesiones y enfermedades que afectan el sistema nervioso. Con una prevalencia de alrededor del 10% en la población general, este dolor requiere un manejo terapéutico complejo, que a menudo requiere el uso combinado de varias clases de medicamentos, como antidepresivos y anticonvulsivos. Objetivo: Resumir y comparar los principales resultados del uso de antidepresivos y anticonvulsivos en el tratamiento del dolor neuropático. Metodología: Revisión sistemática de la literatura, utilizando estudios clínicos aleatorios publicados en los últimos 20 años y disponibles en bases de datos como la Biblioteca Nacional de Medicina (PubMed) de los Institutos Nacionales de Salud de EE. UU., ZB MED Search Portal for Life Sciences (LIVIVO), Virtual Biblioteca en Salud (BVS), Biblioteca Electrónica Científica en Línea (Scielo) e Índice Abierto de Trabajos Académicos (OpenAlex), utilizando los Descriptores de Ciencias de la Salud en inglés “Antidepresivos”; “Anticonvulsivos” y “Dolor Neuropático” y el término “Dolor Neuropático”, que no estaba disponible en el DeCS. Con base en los criterios de elegibilidad, se eligieron ensayos clínicos aleatorios en inglés, portugués y español de los últimos 20 años, siendo la muestra final compuesta por once artículos. Resultados: La pregabalina fue superior en pacientes que se quejaban de disfunción sexual y reveló mejoras en la calidad del sueño y la función física. La duloxetina estaba bien considerada para aliviar el dolor intenso en personas con depresión y ansiedad. Al combinar los medicamentos, fue posible usarlos en dosis más pequeñas, lo que provocó menos efectos secundarios. Conclusión: Ambos medicamentos son eficaces para controlar el dolor neuropático, pero la elección entre duloxetina y pregabalina requiere un abordaje personalizado, considerando las características individuales de cada paciente para optimizar los resultados clínicos.
Palabras clave: Antidepresivos; Anticonvulsivo; Neuralgia.
Citas
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