EFETIVIDADE E SEGURANÇA DO USO DE ANTIDEPRESSIVOS DURANTE A GESTAÇÃO: UMA REVISÃO DE LITERATURA INTEGRATIVA

Abstract

Depression is a common mental disorder that affects more than 264 million people worldwide. Postpartum depression has predominantly social risk factors and is associated with stressful life conditions. Pharmacological treatment for depressive disorder, including puerperal depression, has received great attention, with approximately 70% of cases being treated with antidepressants. The aim of this study is to describe the effects and safety of antidepressant use during pregnancy in the scientific literature. This study was an integrative literature review. The electronic search was carried out in renowned databases, such as PubMed (National Library of Medicine), LILACS (Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences) and MEDLINE (Online Medical Literature Search and Analysis System). In the period from 2020 to 2024. Crossings were performed with the Boolean operator AND. To compose this review, information is presented regarding the 7 articles contained in the discussion of this literature review. The study showed an increase in the incidence of both maternal and neonatal complications, with possible repercussions in the first years of the child's life. Depression is the most prevalent mental disorder during this period, affecting 10 to 15% of pregnant women, especially women in situations of socioeconomic vulnerability, who face greater difficulties in accessing therapies, especially those of a non-pharmacological nature, and in obtaining medications. It can be concluded from the study that perinatal depression represents a complex challenge, which requires multidisciplinary and individualized attention, considering the risks, benefits and preferences of the pregnant woman.