SEDATION IN CRITICAL PATIENTS: ANALYSIS OF PROTOCOLS AND CLINICAL REPERCUSSIONS IN INTENSIVE CARE UNITS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61164/rmnm.v11i1.4045Abstract
Intensive Care Units (ICUs) are specialized environments for the treatment of critically ill patients, who often require the use of sedatives during the course of their care. To present, based on recent studies, protocols and clinical outcomes related to the use of sedatives in critically ill patients within ICUs. This study is an integrative literature review conducted between January and March 2025, using the following databases: SCIELO, LILACS, and PubMed/MEDLINE. The descriptors used were “Intensive Care Units,” “Hypnotics and Sedatives,” and “Drug Utilization,” all indexed in the Health Sciences Descriptors (DeCS/MeSH). These terms were combined using the Boolean operators “AND” and “OR.” Article selection was based on defined inclusion and exclusion criteria. The reviewed studies highlight the importance of implementing standardized protocols and validated scales for the pharmacological management of sedation in ICUs, in accordance with current clinical guidelines. Additionally, it was observed that clinical responses to sedatives vary depending on the specific agent used, dosage, and duration of sedation. The RASS and ABCDEF bundle are currently the most recognized and applied sedation protocols in ICUs. Current recommendations favor light sedation with daily awakening practices to minimize adverse effects. This review also identified a lack of in-depth studies on sedation protocols in ICU settings, suggesting a need for further research.
Keywords: Hypnotics and sedatives; intensive care units; drug utilization.
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