MOLECULAR DIAGNOSIS BY POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION FOR THE TRIPLE-NEGATIVE BREAST CANCER GENE. A SCOPE REVIEW.

Authors

  • Camilly Maria Guedes Santana Centro Universitário CESMAC
  • Maria Eduarda De Melo Lins Centro Universitário CESMAC
  • Moezio de Vasconcellos Costa Santos Filho Centro Universitário CESMAC
  • Gustavo Reis Branco de Souza Centro Universitário CESMAC

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.61164/rmnm.v9i1.2886

Keywords:

Polymerase Chain Reaction, Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms, Diagnosis

Abstract

Breast cancer is one of the most common neoplastic presentations among women, primarily affecting those from higher social classes but showing higher mortality rates among patients from lower socioeconomic strata. Among its various forms, triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is known for having the worst prognosis and highest recurrence rate. This scoping review aimed to highlight factors contributing to the differential diagnosis of TNBC using the molecular technique of polymerase chain reaction (PCR). A search was conducted in databases such as PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library, guided by the question: "What is the role of PCR in the early molecular diagnosis of TNBC?" Eight studies were included, identifying the presence of genes such as VEGFA, SRC, PARP1, PTK2, RAF1, FGR3, KRAS, AZGP1, KRT19, and PIGR as key to distinguishing this subtype of cancer. PCR is a rapid and minimally invasive technique that contributes to the diagnosis and monitoring of TNBC. Future research should focus on establishing specific thresholds to standardize the test, particularly emphasizing genes like VEGFA, KRAS, AZGP1, KRT19, and PIGR.

References

Abdel-Sater F, Najar M, Fayyad-Kazan H. Triple negative breast cancer: microRNA expression profile and novel discriminators according to BRCA1 status. J Cell Physiol. 2020 Jun;235(6):5204-5212. doi: 10.1002/jcp.29398. Epub 2019 Nov 17. PMID: 31736084. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/jcp.29398

Afghahi A, Telli ML, Kurian AW. Genetics of triple-negative breast cancer: Implications for patient care. Curr Probl Cancer. 2016 Mar-Aug;40(2-4):130-140. doi: 10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2016.09.007. Epub 2016 Sep 23. PMID: 28340968. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.currproblcancer.2016.09.007

Akram M, Iqbal M, Daniyal M, Khan AU. Awareness and current knowledge of breast cancer. Biol Res. 2017 Oct 2;50(1):33. doi: 10.1186/s40659-017-0140-9. PMID: 28969709; PMCID: PMC5625777. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40659-017-0140-9

Foulkes WD, Smith IE, Reis-Filho JS. Triple-negative breast cancer. N Engl J Med. 2010 Nov 11;363(20):1938-48. doi: 10.1056/NEJMra1001389. PMID: 21067385. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMra1001389

Glénisson M, Vacher S, Callens C, Susini A, Cizeron-Clairac G, Le Scodan R, Meseure D, Lerebours F, Spyratos F, Lidereau R, Bièche I. Identification of new candidate therapeutic target genes in triple-negative breast cancer. Genes Cancer. 2012 Jan;3(1):63-70. doi: 10.1177/1947601912449832. PMID: 22893791; PMCID: PMC3415670. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/1947601912449832

Gomes AL de FM, Whyte MP de M, Paz WA, Rangel KK, Salles PG de O. CLINICAL-EPIDEMIOLOGICAL PROFILE OF PATIENTS WITH TRIPLE-NEGATIVE BREAST CANCER AT INSTITUTO MÁRIO PENNA, BELO HORIZONTE, MINAS GERAIS. MAST [Internet]. 2020 Apr. 4 [cited 2024 Sep. 20];30:54. Available from: https://revistamastology.emnuvens.com.br/revista/article/view/416 DOI: https://doi.org/10.29289/259453942020V30S1054

Klassen AC, Smith KC. The enduring and evolving relationship between social class and breast cancer burden: a review of the literature. Cancer Epidemiol. 2011 Jun;35(3):217-34. doi: 10.1016/j.canep.2011.02.009. Epub 2011 Apr 5. PMID: 21470929. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.canep.2011.02.009

Li M, Guo Y, Feng YM, Zhang N. Identification of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Genes and a Novel High-Risk Breast Cancer Prediction Model Development Based on PPI Data and Support Vector Machines. Front Genet. 2019 Mar 15;10:180. doi: 10.3389/fgene.2019.00180. PMID: 30930932; PMCID: PMC6428707. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fgene.2019.00180

Pariyar M, Thorne RF, Scott RJ, Avery-Kiejda KA. Verification and Validation of a Four-Gene Panel as a Prognostic Indicator in Triple Negative Breast Cancer. Front Oncol. 2022 Mar 21;12:821334. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2022.821334. PMID: 35387118; PMCID: PMC8977600. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2022.821334

Pern F, Bogdanova N, Schürmann P, Lin M, Ay A, Länger F, Hillemanns P, Christiansen H, Park-Simon TW, Dörk T. Mutation analysis of BRCA1, BRCA2, PALB2 and BRD7 in a hospital-based series of German patients with triple-negative breast cancer. PLoS One. 2012;7(10):e47993. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0047993. Epub 2012 Oct 24. PMID: 23110154; PMCID: PMC3480465. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0047993

Shimelis H, LaDuca H, Hu C, Hart SN, Na J, Thomas A, Akinhanmi M, Moore RM, Brauch H, Cox A, Eccles DM, Ewart-Toland A, Fasching PA, Fostira F, Garber J, Godwin AK, Konstantopoulou I, Nevanlinna H, Sharma P, Yannoukakos D, Yao S, Feng BJ, Tippin Davis B, Lilyquist J, Pesaran T, Goldgar DE, Polley EC, Dolinsky JS, Couch FJ. Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Risk Genes Identified by Multigene Hereditary Cancer Panel Testing. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2018 Aug 1;110(8):855-862. doi: 10.1093/jnci/djy106. PMID: 30099541; PMCID: PMC6093350. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/djy106

Turner NC, Swift C, Jenkins B, Kilburn L, Coakley M, Beaney M, Fox L, Goddard K, Garcia-Murillas I, Proszek P, Hall P, Harper-Wynne C, Hickish T, Kernaghan S, Macpherson IR, Okines AFC, Palmieri C, Perry S, Randle K, Snowdon C, Stobart H, Wardley AM, Wheatley D, Waters S, Winter MC, Hubank M, Allen SD, Bliss JM; c-TRAK TN investigators. Results of the c-TRAK TN trial: a clinical trial utilising ctDNA mutation tracking to detect molecular residual disease and trigger intervention in patients with moderate- and high-risk early-stage triple-negative breast cancer. Ann Oncol. 2023 Feb;34(2):200-211. doi: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.11.005. Epub 2022 Nov 22. PMID: 36423745. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annonc.2022.11.005

Vodithala, Sahitya; Bhake, Arvind. Detection of KRAS Mutations in Triple-negative Breast Cancers by Polymerase Chain Reaction. Journal of Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences University 19(1):p 71-76, Jan–Mar 2024. | DOI: 10.4103/jdmimsu.jdmimsu_703_23 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4103/jdmimsu.jdmimsu_703_23

Wang Q, Xu M, Sun Y, Chen J, Chen C, Qian C, Chen Y, Cao L, Xu Q, Du X, Yang W. Gene Expression Profiling for Diagnosis of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: A Multicenter, Retrospective Cohort Study. Front Oncol. 2019 May 7;9:354. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2019.00354. PMID: 31134153; PMCID: PMC6513966. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fonc.2019.00354

Wilkinson L, Gathani T. Understanding breast cancer as a global health concern. Br J Radiol. 2022 Feb 1;95(1130):20211033. doi: 10.1259/bjr.20211033. Epub 2021 Dec 14. PMID: 34905391; PMCID: PMC8822551.

Wilkinson L, Gathani T. Understanding breast cancer as a global health concern. Br J Radiol. 2022 Feb 1;95(1130):20211033. doi: 10.1259/bjr.20211033. Epub 2021 Dec 14. PMID: 34905391; PMCID: PMC8822551. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1259/bjr.20211033

Zaharia M, Gómez H. Triple negative breast cancer: a dificult disease to diagnose and treat. Rev Peru Med Exp Salud Publica [Internet]. 2014 Mar. 11 [cited 2024 Sep. 19];30(4). Available from: https://rpmesp.ins.gob.pe/index.php/rpmesp/article/view/247 DOI: https://doi.org/10.17843/rpmesp.2013.304.247

Downloads

Published

2024-09-23

How to Cite

Santana, C. M. G. ., Lins, M. E. D. M. ., Santos Filho, M. de V. C. ., & Souza, G. R. B. de . (2024). MOLECULAR DIAGNOSIS BY POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION FOR THE TRIPLE-NEGATIVE BREAST CANCER GENE. A SCOPE REVIEW. Revista Multidisciplinar Do Nordeste Mineiro, 8(1). https://doi.org/10.61164/rmnm.v9i1.2886

Issue

Vol. 8 No. 1 (2024): Revista Multidisciplinar do Nordeste Mineiro

Section

Artigos

License

Copyright (c) 2024 Revista Multidisciplinar do Nordeste Mineiro

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.