INCIDÊNCIA DE VAZAMENTO PARAVALVAR EM PACIENTES QUE REALIZARAM SUBSTITUIÇÃO DE VALVA AÓRTICA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61164/rmnm.v12i1.2997Palavras-chave:
Substituição de valva aórtica por cateter, Substituição cirúrgica da valva aórtica, Vazamento paravalvarResumo
Introdução: A estenose aórtica é uma condição degenerativa comum em pessoas idosas. O tratamento definitivo é geralmente cirúrgico, com substituição cirúrgica da valva aórtica (SAVR, do inglês, surgical aortic valve replacement) ou implante de valva aórtica por cateter (TAVI, do inglês, transcatheter aortic valve implantation). O vazamento paravalvar (VPV) é uma complicação que pode ocorrer após a cirurgia de troca valvar, exigindo intervenção. Objetivo: Avaliar a incidência do vazamento paravalvar em pacientes que realizaram SAVR e TAVI. Material e Método: Foram avaliados, na literatura, 25 estudos publicados entre janeiro de 2018 e novembro de 2023 apresentando grupos de indivíduos que foram submetidos a SAVR ou TAVI e tiveram o VPV como complicação. As bases de dados utilizadas foram as plataformas Scielo e PubMed. Resultados: Observou-se que, logo após a alta, 27% dos pacientes em questão apresentaram algum grau de vazamento paravalvar após TAVI, enquanto entre os pacientes submetidos à SAVR, a incidência de VPV foi de 7,2%. Após 6 meses ou mais da alta, 20,9% dos pacientes submetidos à TAVI ainda apresentaram, em comparação com 5,7% dos pacientes submetidos à SAVR. Conclusão: No pós-operatório imediato e no pós-operatório tardio, a incidência de VPV é menor em pacientes submetidos à SAVR em comparação aos submetidos à TAVI, em todos os graus - leve, moderado e grave.
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